What is true about manufacturer recalls and technical service bulletins (TSB)?

A manufacturer recall is specifically issued for safety-related defects that pose a risk to the vehicle occupants, other road users, or when it affects vehicle safety. Recalls are mandatory and the manufacturer is required to notify vehicle owners and rectify the defect, typically at no cost to the owner. This makes the statement about recalls being for safety-related defects accurate.

On the other hand, a Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) is a communication sent out by manufacturers to dealerships and service departments that addresses specific maintenance issues, repairs, or procedures that do not reach the level of a safety defect warranting a recall. TSBs are not mandatory. They provide helpful information, but following them is at the discretion of the repair facility. Hence, while they may be beneficial in guiding repairs, they are not obligatory for completing repairs.

The combination of these points does validate that the correct understanding focuses more on the nature of recalls being safety-related and the non-mandatory nature of TSBs. Therefore, while the statement about recalls is true, the statement regarding TSBs being mandatory for all repairs is not, leading to the conclusion that options involving both statements would not hold true.